服务型政府建设与企业高质量发展

《财经研究》 2022年48卷第9期 页码：109 - 123  online：2022年9月3日

服务型政府建设与企业高质量发展

Construction of a Service-oriented Government and High-quality Development of Firms    

作者（中）：张思涵1 , 张明昂2 , 王雨坤3 

作者（英）：Zhang Sihan1, Zhang Ming’ang2, Wang Yukun3 

作者单位：1. 北京信息科技大学 经济管理学院，北京 100192; 2. 中央财经大学 财政税务学院，北京 102206; 3. 中国人民大学 财政金融学院，北京 100872

摘要：建设负责任的服务型政府是改善政企关系和优化营商环境的必然要求，对提高经济发展质量具有重要意义。近年来，各地开展的“电视问政”节目帮助地方政府了解社会诉求并且可以及时响应这些问题。文章把“电视问政”节目的开通作为准自然实验，实证检验服务型政府建设对企业全要素生产率的影响。结果表明，“电视问政”显著提升了企业全要素生产率，而且设置打分环节、采用直播形式及宣传力度较强的“电视问政”节目影响更大。同时，对非国有企业、初创企业和技术密集型企业生产率的提升作用也更强。机制分析表明，“电视问政”通过减少政府干预和降低制度性交易成本，促进了企业进入市场和研发创新，从而实现全要素生产率的提升。文章从政府回应视角丰富了服务型政府与企业生产率的研究，为加快政府职能转变以推动经济高质量发展提供了实证参考。

关键词：服务型政府; 经济发展质量; 全要素生产率; 准自然实验

Summary: Aiming to “construct a service-oriented government that satisfies the people”, the Chinese government has been investigating various strategies to accelerate the transformation of government functions and enhance service levels. However, it is still up for debate as to whether these “top-down” reforms actually assist local governments in acting as “agents”. In contrast, the “bottom-up” approach of improving government response, which takes into account public demands in decision-making and ensures that government and public interest incentives are compatible, can more effectively realize government service functions. For examining the service-oriented government from the perspective of government response, the Policy Advising on Television (PAT) program, which has been established in many Chinese cities, offers a solid empirical foundation. This paper employs the DID model and PAT as a quasi-natural experiment to empirically examine the impact of service-oriented government on the total factor productivity (TFP) of firms. The findings demonstrate that PAT significantly increases TFP, and PAT with scoring, live broadcast, and strong publicity has a more noticeable impact. PAT has a greater impact on TFP in non-SOEs, start-ups, and technology-intensive firms. The mechanism analysis indicates that PAT reduces institutional transaction costs and government intervention, promotes firm entry, R&D, and innovation, and ultimately leads to an increase in TFP. The marginal contribution of this paper is as follows: (1) It investigates, for the first time, the impact of service-oriented government on the quality of economic development from the perspective of government response, and supplements the literature on government response and the production efficiency of firms. (2) It enriches the research on the influencing factors of TFP from the perspective of institutional environment. (3) It presents an empirical basis for expediting the transformation of government functions and fostering the high-quality economic development by revealing a fresh perspective of government response. Therefore, improving policy responsiveness is critical for constructing a service-oriented government. To effectively understand public demand, respond, and solve issues in a timely manner, it is vital for local governments to use a variety of channels for expressing public opinions and enhancing public participation. Additionally, improving the public oversight system and connecting local officials’ promotions to their performance are crucial for encouraging the government to successfully change its working methods. Finally, to achieve higher productivity enhancement, local governments should pay special attention to non-SOEs, start-ups, and technology-intensive firms, reduce inappropriate intervention, and provide timely help and support.

Key words: service-oriented government; quality of economic development; TFP; quasi-natural experiment    

DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.20220614.401

收稿日期：2022-02-13

基金项目：国家社科基金重大项目（19ZDA070）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金；中央财经大学科研创新团队支持计划；北京信息科技大学促进高校分类发展项目（5112210862）

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